Questions and answers about the CBS News with Scott Pelley

1. Which is the topic of the news?
A. It is about a research of the relation between the consumption of red  meat and heart diseases?

2. Where could we find carnitine?
A. We could find it in supplements, energy drinks, in red meat and in human bodies.

3. How many people were involved in the study?
A. 26 hundred people were involved.

4. Why is the bee population decreasing?
A. Because people use pesticides that had never been tested.

5. How much time does it take for a pesticide review to be completed?
A. It takes 5-10 years to be completed.

6. How many bees does a hive have?
A. It has 30-100 bees inside.

Movie: L'Auberge Espagnole

 This movie is about a a french young student named Xavier, who has studied Economics. After some different sittuations he decided to join the Erasmus program. The Erasmus Program gives the possibility to hundred of students to study in a University of any country of Europe.

Xavier decided to join the Program because he wants a good job. His possible boss, asked him to study a Masters Plan, but he needs to speak Spanish very well, so he went to Barcelona.

Xavier only wanted to forget his "hippie" mother, he also wanted to put asside all his pressures, so he decided to look for a flatshare. After a while, he found an apartment, in which six people lived. Those people were three women and thre man, all of different nacionalities. 

Xavier left Martine in France, she was his girlfriend; but after some days, maybe months, he realized that he doesn´t want to be anymore with her. He also realized that he doesn´t want to continue studying Economics, he only want to be what he has wanted to be all his life, a writer.

This is only a review of the plot of this movie, we are going to make a deeper analysis of the scenes of the movie.

Correction of the last week composition

If Henry were my best friend, I would help him and I would tell his wife that he was with me the previous night. I would tell his wife that we were watching T.V. and drinking beer at my place.I would tell his wife that he didn´t do any bad things.

But If Henry weren´t my best friend, I wouldn´t help him and I would tell his wife that he wasn´t with me the previous night. I would tell his wife that Henry has a lover. I would tell his wife only bad things only to have some fun.

But if I didn´t have any kind of friendship with Henry, I would only say that Henry wasn´t with me, but I saw him out of his house smoking.

To improve the mistakes that I had:

First, I will try to write an essay because I usually write the sentences that comes to my head in that moment and that´s the sheet of paper that I give to the teacher. I should do my homework a day before the class, not one hour before of it. I will try to read the homework after I finish it. 

Glossary

1. Chemistry:  Chemistry is the study of matter and energy and the interactions between them. Chemistry tends to focus on the properties of substances and the interactions between different types of matter, particularly reactions that involve electrons.
2. Pathogenesis -n : the origin, development, and resultant effects of a disease.
3. Drug [Pharmacology]-n: a chemical substance used in the treatment, cure, prevention, or diagnosis of diseaseor used to otherwise enhance physical or mental well-being.
4. Drug interaction -n:The pharmacological result, either desirable or undesirable, of drugs interacting with themselves or with other drugs
5. Pharmacological effect: refers to the effect of a chemical on a living system, such as the human body.
6. Metabolite -n: A product of a matabolic action during metabolism.
7. Metabolism -n: the sum of the physical and chemical processes in an organism by which itsmaterial substance is produced, maintained, and destroyed, and by which energy is made available.
8. Lipophilicity: Refers to the ability of a chemical compound to dissolve in fats, oils, lipids and non-polar solvents such as hexane or toluene.
9. Xenobiotic -n: a chemical or substance that is foreign to an organism or biological system.
10. Trigger -verb: to initiate or precipitate (a chain of events, scientific reaction, psychological process, etc.)
11. Hazard -n: something causing unavoidable danger, peril, risk, or difficulty.
12. Quinone -n: a yellow, crystalline, cyclic unsaturated diketone, C₆ H₄ O₂  , formed by oxidizing aniline or hydroquinone.
13. Enzyme -n:any of various proteins, as pepsin, originating from living cells and capable of producing certain chemicalchanges in organic substances.
14. Apoptosis -n: a normal, genetically regulated process leading to the death of cells.
15. Hypersensitive -n: allergic to a substance to which persons do not normally react.
16. Carcinogen -n: A cancer-causing substance or agent.
17. Culture media -n: is a liquid or gel designed to support the growth of microorganisms or cells.
18. Microorganism -n: any organism too small to be viewed by the unaided eye, as bacteria.
19. Batch -n: a quantity or number coming at one time or taken together.
20. Pivotal -adj: of vital or critical importance.
21. Aimed -verb: to intend or direct for a particular effect or purpose.
22. Raw material : Things you need to have before starting a project, for example.
23. Conductivity -n: the property or power of conducting heat, electricity, or sound.
24. pH: the symbol for the logarithm of the reciprocal of hydrogen ion concentration in gram atoms per liter, used to express the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a scale of 0 to 14, where less than 7 represents acidity, 7 neutrality, and more than 7 alkalinity.
25. Biological indicator -n: specie that can be used to monitor the health of an environment or ecosystem.
26. Ratio -n: a proportional relation.
27. Agar -n:  a gelatinlike product of certain seaweeds, used for solidifying certain culture media.
28. Hepatotoxicity:  implies chemical-driven liver damage.
29. Insights -n: an instance of apprehending the true nature of a thing.
30. Necrosis -n: the death of one or more cells in the body, usually within a localized area.
31. Quench -verb:  to terminate (the flow of electrons in a vacuum tube) by application of a voltage.
32. Electrophile -n: A chemical compound or group that is attracted to electrons and that tends to accept electrons.
33. Cytochrome P450: group of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of organic substances.
34. Peptide -n: a compound containing two or more amino acids in which the carboxyl group of one acid is linked to the amino group of the other.
35. Bioactivation -n: The metabolic activation of xenobiotic compounds into reactive, toxic compounds.
36. Innate immune system: comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms in a non-specific manner.
37. Adaptive immune system:  is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogen growth.
38. Adduct -verb: to move or draw toward the axis of the body or one of its parts.
39. Abduct  -verb: to move or draw away from the axis of the body or limb.
40. Toxicity -n: the quality, relative degree, or specific degree of being toxic or poisonous.
41. Atom -n: the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element.
42. Toxic dose [Toxicology]:  the amount of a substance that may be expected to produce a toxic effect.
43. Active Site : The region of a protein molecule that binds the specific substrate and chemically modifies it into the new product (in an enzyme) or interacts with it (in a receptor).
44. Mutagenesis: The induction of mutation in the genetic material of an organism.
45. Placebo -n: An inert or innocuous substance used in controlled experiments testing the efficacy of another substance.
46. Heat labile -adj: Able to be destroyed or altered by high temperature.
47. Cytotoxic -n: Poisonous to cells. 
48. Operating Range: The validated acceptance criteria within which a control parameter must remain, wherein acceptable product is being manufactured.
49. Toxicology -n: A science that deals with poisons, their effects, and the problems involved.
50. Inert -n: Does not dissolve in water or react chemically with other substances. 
51. Allele-n: Gene variant.
52. Allotrope -n: Element with more than one natural form.
53. Zygote -n:  A fertilised egg, the fusion of a male and female gamete.
54. Gametes -n: Sex cells (spermatozoa or ova) that carry the genes donated by each parent.
55. Pronk -n: A weak or foolish person.
56. Canteen -n: Cafeteria.
57. Chuffed: Happy, as in, "I was really chuffed when I passed my exams".
58. Bangers -n: Sausages.
59. Rubbish -n: Trash.
60. Nick -verb: To steal.
61. Bloody -adj: Descriptive term for something that frustrates or bothers someone, as in "that bloody boss!"
62. Whacked -adj: Tired. Exhausted.
63. Tissue -n: Kleenex.
64. Shirty -adj: Angry;bad tempered.
65. Lift -n: Elevator.
66. Faculty -n: The teaching staff of a college or university.
67. Transcript: Official record of a student's academic courses and grades received.
68. Freshman -n: The first year of undergraduate study.
69. Culture Shock: Confusion or anxiety caused by sudden exposure to a new culture.
70. Sophomore :The second year of undergraduate study.
71. Anisotropy: Refers to a material exhibiting different values of a property in different crystallographic directions.
72. Mass spectrometer -n: Is a scientific instrument used to measure the masses and relative abundances of a vaporized and ionized sample.
73. Supercritical fluid: Is a substance in a thermodynamic state where temperature and pressure are above the substance'scritical point.
74. Critical point or critical state: Is the point at which two phases of a substance initially become indistinguishable from one another.
75. Kindling point: Is the lowest temperature where a substance will auto-ignite and combust  in normal atmospheric conditions without any external influences.
76. Ask someone out: Invite on a date.
77. Stick to something: Continue doing something, limit yourself to one particular thing.
78. Give someone away: Reveal hidden information about someone.
79. Turn something up: Increase the volume or strength (heat, light etc).
80. Break something in: Wear something a few times so that it doesn't look/feel new.
81. Get back intosomething: Become interested in something again.
82. Pass away: Die.
83. Shop around: Compare prices.
84. Catch up: Get to the same point as someone else.
85. Cheer up: Become happier.
86. Toil -n: Hard and continuous work; exhausting labor or effort.
87. Fond -adj: Having a liking or affection for (usually followed by of ).
88. Scrappy -adj: Fond of fighting, arguing, or competing.
89. Measles -n: An acute infectuous disease occurring mostly in children.
90. Acute -adj:  Brief and severe.
91. Brief-adj: Lasting or taking a short time; of short duration.
92. Addendum -n: A thing to be added; an addition.
93. Scuttlebutt -n: An open cask of drinking water.
94. Cask -n: A container made and shaped like a barrel, especially one larger and stronger, for holding liquids.
95. Amid -prep: In the middle of.
96. Vow -n: A solemn promise, pledge, or personal commitment.
97. Ward -n: A division or district of a city or town, as for administrative or political purposes.
98. Seize -verd: To take hold of suddenly or forcibly; grasp.
99. Forcible -adj: Done or effected by force.
100. Ease -n: Freedom from labor, pain, or physical annoyance.
101. Allotment: The number and type of outdoor posters in a showing.
102. Adjacency: A program or a commercial announcement that is adjacent to another either preceding or following, on the same station.
103. Across the board: A program that is broadcast at the same timeperiod every day.
104. Air check: Recording a broadcast to serve as an archival or file copy. 
105. Audience: Persons who receive an advertisement; individuals who read a newspaper or magazine, listen to a radio broadcast, view a television broadcast, and so on. 
106. Audience turnover: That part of a broadcast audience that changes over time.
107. Hitchhiker: A broadcast advertising announcement at the end of a program that promotes another product from the same advertiser.
108. Holdover audience: Those persons tuned to a program who stay tuned to that station or network for the following program. 
109. Billing: The value of advertising that is handled by an advertisingagency on behalf of its clients (often called "billings"); the pro of issuing invoices for media space and time that have been purchased. 
110. Bleed: Printing to the edge of the page, with no margin or border:Block: consecutive broadcast time periods. 
111. Break: Time available for purchase between two broadcast programs or between segments of a single program. 
112. Business paper: A publication that is intended for business or professional interests. 
113. Buy: The process of negotiating, ordering, and confirming the selection of a media vehicle and unit; as a noun, the advertising that is purchased from a vehicle. 
114. Campaign: A specific coordinated advertising effort on behalf of a particular product or service that extends for a specified periodof time.
115. Carryover effect: The residual level of awareness or recall after a flight or campaign period, used to plan the timing of schedules.
116. Chain: A broadcast network; also, a newspaper or magazine group of single ownership or control.
117. Checking: The process of confirming whether an advertisement actually appeared.
118. Circulation: In print, the number of copies distributed; in broad- cast, the number of households within a signal area that have re- ceiving sets; in outdoor, the number of people who have a reason- able opportunity to see a billboard. 
119. City zone: A central city and the contiguous areas that cannot be distinguished from it. 
120. City zone circulation: The number of newspapers that are distributed within a city, rather than in outlying areas. 
121. Classified advertising: Advertising that is set in small type and arranged according to categories or interests.
122. Class magazines: Special-interest magazines with desirable upscale audiences. 
123. Clear time: The process of reserving time or time periods with a station or network; checking on available advertising time. 
124. Column inch: Publication space that is one column wide by one-inch high, used as a measure of advertising space. 
125. Combination rate: A special discounted advertising rate for buying space in two or more publications owned by the same interests. 
126. Commercial impressions: The total audience, including duplication, for all commercial announcements in an advertiser's schedule. 
127. Consumer profile: A demographic description of the people or house- holds that are prospects for a product or service.
128. Corporate discounting: Incentives offered to advertisers with numer- ous brands of products; all of the corporation's advertising sched- ules are combined for a larger discount level.
129. Coverage: The number or percentage of individuals or households that are exposed to a medium or to an advertising campaign.
130. Cowcatcher: A brief commercial announcement at the beginning of a broadcast program.
131. Cumulative reach: The number of different households that are ex- posed to a medium or campaign during a specific time.
132. Cut-in: The insertion of a local commercial announcement into a net- work or recorded program. 
133. Demographic characteristics: The population characteristics of a group or audience.
134. Display advertising: Print advertising that is intended to attract attention and communicate easily through the use of space, illus- trations, layout, headline, and so on, as opposed to classified advertising. 
135. Drive time: Radio broadcast time during morning and evening commuter rush hours.
136. Effective frequency: Level or range of audience exposure that pro- vides what an advertiser considers to be the minimal effective level, and no more than this optimal level or range; also called "effective reach".
137. Facing: A billboard location with the panels facing the same dir- ection and visible to the same lines of traffic.
138. Fractional page: Print advertising space of less than a full page.
139. Free circulation: A publication sent without charge; often with con- trolled circulation.
140. Frequency: The number of times that an average audience member sees or hears an advertisement; the number of times that an individual or household is exposed to an advertisement or campaign (frequency of exposure); the number of times that an advertisement is run (frequency of insertion).
141. Frequency discount: A reduced advertising rate that is offered by media to advertisers who run a certain number of advertisements within a given time.
142. Fringe time: Broadcast time periods preceding or following prime time; television time between daytime and prime time is called "early fringe" and television time immediately following prime time is called "late fringe".
143. Full run: One transit advertising car card in every transit bus or car.
144. Full showing: The number of outdoor posters that are needed to reach all of the mobile population in a market at least once within a 30-day period.
145. General magazine: A consumer magazine that is not aimed at a special interest audience.
146. Grid card: Spot broadcast advertising rates that are set in a matrix format to allow a station to set rates based on current audience ratings and advertiser buying demand. 
147. Gross audience: The total number of households or people who are "delivered" or reached by an advertising schedule, without regard to any possible duplication that may occur; also called "total aud- ience".
148. Gross billing: The cost of advertising at the highest advertising rate; the total value of an advertising agency's space and time dealings.
149. Gross impressions: The total number of persons or the total number of audience impressions delivered by an advertising schedule.
150. Gross rate: The highest possible rate for advertising time or space.

76-85: Phrasal Verbs
101-150: Advertising media terms